Appraising the Planning Permit Framework in Lagos State: Perspectives from Real Estate Developers

Abstract

This study examines the planning permit framework in Lagos State, Nigeria, with focus on identifying reforms to streamline and accelerate permit issuance for more inclusive urban development. Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with real estate developers who had direct experience navigating the Lagos State planning permit process. Participants were purposively selected to capture in-depth perspectives on the procedural and regulatory challenges encountered and inherent in planning permit process. Thematic analysis revealed persistent issues, including bureaucratic delays, inconsistent regulatory enforcement, high acquisition costs, and weak communication between developers and planning authorities. The challenges collectively hinder the timely and transparent issuance of permits, limiting opportunities for sustainable urban growth. Insights from international best practices indicate that digital application platforms, improved inter-agency coordination, and greater transparency could significantly enhance the framework’s efficiency. While the study offers perspectives from real estate developers, its scope excludes other stakeholders, and it does not distinguish between small- and large-scale developers, which are factors that may affect the generalizability of findings. Nevertheless, the research contributes to the theoretical discourse on urban planning regulation in Nigeria and offers actionable recommendations for policymakers and practitioners. Addressing these challenges through targeted reforms could foster a more transparent, efficient, and inclusive planning permit process, which ultimately creates a more enabling environment for sustainable urban development in Lagos State.