Photovoltaic Integration for Zero Energy Buildings and Architectural Aesthetic Value: A Review

Olaseinde Seyi  Awosika

Olaseinde Seyi Awosika Department of Architecture, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria and Centre for Sustainable Development, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

Keywords: Architectural aesthetics, Building Integrated Photovoltaics, BIPV, Zero energy, Buildings, ZEB

Abstract

Photovoltaic (PV) integration in architectural design has become pivotal in achieving Zero Energy Buildings (ZEBs) while maintaining aesthetic appeal. This review explores the intersection of PV technology and architectural aesthetics, focusing on advancements, challenges and opportunities. The use of Photovoltaic components in building construction is crucial for achieving ZEB status, which is the onsite generation of a building’s annual energy need through a renewable source. PV technology has evolved significantly, moving beyond traditional rooftop installations to incorporate innovative solutions such as BuildingIntegrated Photovoltaics (BIPV). BIPV seamlessly integrates PV elements into building materials like windows, facades and roofs, thereby enhancing both energy efficiency and visual appeal. Design considerations encompass aspects such as colour, texture, transparency and pattern, which ensure that PV elements harmonize with overall building aesthetics. This study presents the outcome of the review of 28 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2020 and 2024. Case studies and best practices from around the globe were also used to illustrate successful implementations of PV integration in architectural projects. These examples highlight diverse approaches to balancing energy performance with aesthetic values across different building types and climates. Looking forward, future research directions include enhancing the performance and lifespan of PV materials, integrating smart technologies for optimal energy management and developing standards and guidelines for PV-integrated architectural design. Such advancements will drive the mainstream adoption of ZEBs while enhancing their architectural appeal. In conclusion, PV integration for ZEBs represents a dynamic field where technological innovation intersects with architectural creativity in the development of sustainable buildings that embody both energy efficiency and aesthetic excellence.